Light — Reflection and Refraction Class 10 Science MCQs

NCERT | CBSE Curriculum

Practice 100+ MCQs on Light Reflection and Refraction for Class 10.
Mirror formula, Snell's law, concave/convex mirror & lens, TIR, magnification.
Instant answers & performance report.

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Quick Revision: Light – Reflection and Refraction

  • Rectilinear Propagation: Light travels in straight lines in a homogeneous medium.
  • Reflection: Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection; i = r.
  • Plane Mirror: Forms virtual, erect, same-sized image; shows lateral inversion.
  • Spherical Mirrors: Concave (converging) & Convex (diverging); Pole, Focus, Center of Curvature.
  • Mirror Formula: 1/v + 1/u = 1/f; Sign convention: u = -ve, f (concave) = -ve, f (convex) = +ve.
  • Magnification: m = -v/u = h'/h; m > 0: virtual & erect; m < 0: real & inverted.
  • Refraction: Bending of light when passing from one medium to another.
  • Snell's Law: n₁ sin i = n₂ sin r; Light bends towards normal in denser medium.
  • Refractive Index: n = c/v; determines optical density; n(air) ≈ 1, n(water) = 4/3, n(glass) ≈ 1.5.
  • Lens Formula: 1/v - 1/u = 1/f; Sign convention: u = -ve, f (convex) = +ve, f (concave) = -ve.
  • Lens Power: P = 1/f (in meters); Unit: Dioptre (D); Convex: +ve, Concave: -ve.
  • Human Eye: Retina = screen; Cornea + Lens focus light; Ciliary muscles adjust focal length (accommodation).
  • Defects of Vision: Myopia (nearsighted) – concave lens; Hypermetropia (farsighted) – convex lens.
  • Dispersion: Splitting of white light into VIBGYOR by a prism; Red deviates least, Violet most.
  • Atmospheric Refraction: Causes twinkling of stars, advanced sunrise, delayed sunset.
  • Critical Angle & TIR: sin C = 1/n; Total Internal Reflection when i > C; used in optical fibres.

External Resources: Byjus - Reflection and Refraction | Khan Academy - Optics

Chapter Summary: Light – Reflection and Refraction

Light Reflection and Refraction MCQ Class 10 illuminates the fundamental principles governing how light interacts with surfaces and materials—explaining everything from why you see your reflection in a mirror to why a straw appears bent in a glass of water. We study the laws of reflection and refraction, image formation by spherical mirrors and lenses, and the mirror and lens formulas.

We learn about Snell's law, refractive index, and the phenomena of total internal reflection and dispersion. We also understand the power of lenses, defects of vision (myopia and hypermetropia), and atmospheric refraction which causes twinkling of stars and advanced sunrise.

This high-scoring chapter demands clarity on numerical problems, ray diagrams, sign conventions, and conceptual understanding. Regular practice builds the speed and accuracy needed to solve optics problems quickly, turning light and vision concepts into guaranteed marks.