Getting to Know Plants

Class 6 Science | CBSE NCERT Curriculum

This chapter explains classification of plants into herbs, shrubs, and trees; parts of plants including stem, leaf, root, and flower; functions like photosynthesis and transpiration; venation patterns; and types of roots.

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Time:
05:00

Quick Revision: Getting to Know Plants

  • Herbs: Plants with green, tender stems. Usually short (e.g., tomato, wheat).
  • Shrubs: Plants with hard stems branching near the base (e.g., lemon, hibiscus).
  • Trees: Tall plants with hard, thick stems branching above ground (e.g., mango, banyan).
  • Creepers: Weak stems that spread on ground (e.g., pumpkin, watermelon).
  • Climbers: Weak stems that take support to climb (e.g., grapevine, pea).
  • Stem Functions: Conducts water and minerals upward; conducts food downward; bears leaves, flowers, fruits.
  • Leaf Parts: Petiole (attaches to stem) and lamina (broad green part). Veins and midrib for transport.
  • Venation Types: Reticulate (net-like) and Parallel (veins parallel to each other).
  • Transpiration: Loss of water vapour from leaves.
  • Photosynthesis: Process by which green leaves make food using CO₂, water, sunlight, and chlorophyll, releasing oxygen.
  • Root Types: Taproot (one main root with lateral roots) and Fibrous roots (many similar-sized roots).
  • Flower Parts: Sepals (outermost), Petals (attract pollinators), Stamens (male part - filament + anther), Pistil (female part - stigma, style, ovary containing ovules).

Chapter Summary: Getting to Know Plants

Plants are classified into herbs (green tender stems), shrubs (hard stems branching at base), and trees (tall with thick stems). Weak-stemmed plants are creepers (spread on ground) or climbers (take support). The stem transports water and minerals upward and food downward. Leaves perform photosynthesis (making food using sunlight, CO₂, water) and transpiration (water vapour release). Leaf venation is either reticulate (net-like) or parallel. Plants with reticulate venation have taproots; those with parallel venation have fibrous roots. Flowers consist of sepals, petals, stamens (male), and pistil (female). The pistil contains ovary with ovules that develop into seeds after fertilization.