Electricity — Class 10 Science MCQs

NCERT | CBSE Curriculum

Practice 100+ MCQs on Electricity for Class 10.
Ohm's Law, resistance, series & parallel circuits, electric power, heating effect & Joule's law — with answers.
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Quick Revision: Electricity

  • Electric Current: Flow of electric charge; I = Q/t; SI unit: Ampere (A).
  • Potential Difference: Work done to move unit charge; V = W/Q; SI unit: Volt (V).
  • Ohm's Law: V = IR (at constant temperature); Voltage ∝ Current.
  • Resistance: Opposition to current flow; R = V/I; SI unit: Ohm (Ω).
  • Resistivity: ρ = RA/l; depends on material nature and temperature.
  • Series Combination: R = R₁ + R₂ + R₃; Current same, voltage divides.
  • Parallel Combination: 1/R = 1/R₁ + 1/R₂ + 1/R₃; Voltage same, current divides.
  • Heating Effect: H = I²Rt (Joule's Law); Applications: heater, iron, bulb.
  • Electrical Power: P = VI = I²R = V²/R; SI unit: Watt (W).
  • Electrical Energy: E = P × t; Commercial unit: kilowatt-hour (kWh).
  • Fuse: Safety device; low melting point; protects from overcurrent.
  • Magnetic Effect: Current produces magnetic field; right-hand thumb rule.
  • Electromagnet: Temporary magnet; strength depends on current and turns.
  • Electric Motor: Converts electrical to mechanical energy; Fleming's left-hand rule.
  • Electromagnetic Induction: Production of current by changing magnetic field.
  • Electric Generator: Converts mechanical to electrical energy; Fleming's right-hand rule.
  • Domestic Circuit: Parallel combination; live, neutral, earth wires; 5A and 15A circuits.
  • Short Circuit: Direct connection of live and neutral wires; causes overcurrent.
  • Overloading: Too many appliances drawing current beyond safe limit.
  • Earthing: Safety measure; provides path for leakage current to ground.

External Resources: Byjus - Electricity | Khan Academy - Circuits

Chapter Summary: Electricity

Electricity MCQ Class 10 illuminates the fundamental concepts that power our modern world. We journey from understanding what makes electrons flow as current to mastering Ohm's Law, the cornerstone relationship between voltage, current, and resistance. We explore how materials resist current flow, why copper wires our homes while tungsten glows in bulbs, and how resistors combine in series and parallel circuits.

We discover the heating effect that makes toasters work and irons press clothes, and learn to calculate electrical power and energy consumption in our homes. We also understand the magnetic effect of current, the working of electric motors and generators, and the principles of electromagnetic induction. Practical concepts like fuses, earthing, and domestic circuits are also covered.

This high-scoring physics unit demands clarity on definitions, formula applications, circuit analysis, and numerical problem-solving. Regular practice builds the speed and accuracy needed to excel in both theory and numerical questions.