Life Processes — Class 10 Science MCQs

NCERT | CBSE Curriculum

Practice 100+ MCQs on Life Processes for Class 10.
Photosynthesis, respiration, nutrition, human heart, blood circulation, nephron & excretion — with instant answers.
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Quick Revision: Life Processes

  • Life Processes: Essential activities for survival—nutrition, respiration, transportation, excretion.
  • Autotrophic Nutrition: Organisms make their own food using sunlight (photosynthesis).
  • Photosynthesis Equation: 6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ (requires chlorophyll & sunlight).
  • Heterotrophic Nutrition: Organisms depend on others for food (animals, fungi).
  • Human Digestion: Starts in mouth (amylase), continues in stomach (pepsin), completes in small intestine.
  • Respiratory Systems: Lungs (humans), gills (fish), skin (earthworm), trachea (insects).
  • Aerobic Respiration: Glucose + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O + Energy (36 ATP).
  • Anaerobic Respiration: Glucose → Lactic acid (muscles) or Ethanol + CO₂ (yeast) + 2 ATP.
  • Double Circulation: Blood passes heart twice in one cycle (mammals & birds).
  • Blood Components: RBCs (O₂ transport), WBCs (immunity), platelets (clotting), plasma (nutrients).
  • Excretory System: Kidneys → nephrons filter blood → urine → ureter → bladder → urethra.
  • Plant Transport: Xylem (water & minerals upward), Phloem (food bidirectional).
  • Transpiration: Loss of water vapor from leaves → creates suction pull.
  • ATP: Energy currency of the cell; produced during respiration.
  • Enzymes: Biological catalysts—amylase, pepsin, trypsin, lipase.

External Resources: Byjus - Life Processes | Khan Academy - Life Processes

Chapter Summary: Life Processes

Life Processes MCQ Class 10 unravels the fundamental processes that keep living organisms alive. We explore how organisms obtain and utilize energy through nutrition and respiration, how materials are transported within bodies, and how wastes are removed. From photosynthesis in plants to the intricate human digestive, circulatory, and excretory systems, we understand the unity and diversity of life-sustaining mechanisms.

We study the human digestive system, the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration, the structure and function of the human heart and double circulation, and the excretory system with the nephron as its functional unit. We also learn about transport in plants—xylem and phloem—and the role of transpiration.

This high-weightage chapter demands clarity on processes like photosynthesis, respiration, and human physiology. Regular practice builds confidence in answering diagram-based questions, chemical equations, and application-based scenarios, turning complex biological concepts into scoring opportunities.