Metals and Non-metals — Class 10 Science MCQs

NCERT | CBSE Curriculum

Practice 100+ MCQs on Metals and Non-metals for Class 10.
Properties, reactivity series, ionic bonding, extraction of metals, corrosion & alloys — with answers.
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Quick Revision: Metals and Non-metals

  • Metals: Shiny, malleable, ductile, good conductors of heat & electricity, form basic oxides, lose electrons (electropositive).
  • Non-Metals: Dull, brittle, poor conductors (except graphite), form acidic oxides, gain electrons (electronegative).
  • Reactivity Series: K > Na > Ca > Mg > Al > Zn > Fe > Sn > Pb > H > Cu > Hg > Ag > Au > Pt
  • Metal + Acid: Metal + Acid → Salt + Hydrogen gas (for metals above H in series).
  • Metal + Water: Metal + Water → Metal hydroxide + Hydrogen (vigorous for K, Na; with steam for Fe, Zn).
  • Displacement Reaction: More reactive metal displaces less reactive metal from its salt solution.
  • Roasting: Sulphide ore + O₂ (heat) → Metal oxide + SO₂ (in excess air).
  • Calcination: Carbonate ore (heat) → Metal oxide + CO₂ (in limited air).
  • Reduction: Metal oxide + Carbon/CO/Al → Metal + CO₂/Al₂O₃.
  • Electrolytic Refining: Impure metal (anode), Pure metal (cathode), Metal salt electrolyte.
  • Corrosion: Oxidation of metals (e.g., Rusting: 4Fe + 3O₂ + xH₂O → 2Fe₂O₃.xH₂O).
  • Alloy: Homogeneous mixture of metals/metals & non-metals (e.g., Steel: Fe+C, Brass: Cu+Zn).
  • Amphoteric Oxides: React with both acids & bases (e.g., Al₂O₃, ZnO).
  • Aqua Regia: 1 part conc. HNO₃ + 3 parts conc. HCl; dissolves Au & Pt.

External Resources: Byjus - Metals and Non-metals | Khan Academy - Metals and Non-metals

Chapter Summary: Metals and Non-metals

Metals and Non-metals MCQ Class 10 explores the fascinating world of elements, categorizing them into metals and non-metals based on their physical and chemical properties. We learn why some elements shine while others don't, why copper conducts electricity but sulphur doesn't, and how these properties determine their uses in daily life—from kitchen utensils to electrical wires and jewelry.

We study the reactivity series of metals, which helps predict displacement reactions and explains why some metals react with acids while others don't. We also understand ionic bonding between metals and non-metals, the extraction of metals from their ores using processes like roasting, calcination, and reduction, and the methods to prevent corrosion. The chapter also covers alloys and their importance in everyday applications.

This chapter is crucial for both board exams and competitive tests. Questions frequently appear on reactivity series, displacement reactions, extraction processes, and properties of metals and non-metals. Regular practice helps you identify which metals react with steam but not cold water, predict displacement reactions correctly, understand why aluminium is called 'self-protecting', and memorize essential chemical equations.